Medieval India covers the period from the 8th to the 18th centuries and is considered one of the most dynamic periods in Indian history. This era witnessed the rise of powerful kingdoms, the spread and development of new cultures, arts, and architecture, and significant political transformations that shaped the Indian subcontinent.
The early medieval period began with regional kingdoms such as the Gurjara-Pratiharas, Palas, Cholas, and Rashtrakutas. These dynasties made significant contributions to temple architecture, literature, administration, and trade. The Chola empire, in particular, was known for its maritime expeditions, efficient administration, and magnificent temples like the Brihadeeswara Temple.
From the 12th century, India entered the Delhi Sultanate period, beginning with the Mamluk rulers, followed by the Khilji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, and Lodi dynasties. This period saw the introduction of new forms of governance, Persian culture, architecture such as the Qutub Minar, and the spread of Indo-Islamic traditions. It also witnessed significant economic and social changes.
The arrival of Babur in 1526 marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire, which became one of the greatest empires in Indian history. Under rulers like Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb, the empire reached its cultural and political zenith. The Mughal era enriched India with magnificent architecture such as the Taj Mahal, Red Fort, and Fatehpur Sikri, and patronized art, literature, music, and a centralized administrative system.
The later medieval period saw the rise of the Marathas, Sikhs, Rajputs, the Vijayanagara Empire, and various regional powers that challenged Mughal dominance. This era ended with a fragmented political structure that ultimately paved the way for European powers, particularly the British, to gain influence.
Overall, medieval India was a period of cultural synthesis, architectural grandeur, powerful empires, and significant political developments that left a lasting impact on Indian society, culture, and history.
Medieval India – Period-wise GK
1. Early Medieval India (750–1200 CE) -GK
Q1. Who founded the Pala Dynasty?
Gopala.
Q2. Which Pala ruler established Vikramashila University?
Dharmapala.
Q3. Nalanda University was revived by which ruler?
Dharmapala.
Q4. Capital of the Pala Empire?
Pataliputra (later Monghyr).
Q5. The Tripartite Struggle was fought among?
Palas, Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas.
Q6. Who was the greatest Pratihara ruler?
Mihir Bhoja.
Q7. Pratihara capital?
Kannauj.
Q8. Founder of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty?
Dantidurga.
Q9. Capital of the Rashtrakutas?
Manyakheta.
Q10. Who built the Kailasa Temple at Ellora?
Krishna I.
Q11. Which Rashtrakuta ruler wrote Kavirajamarga?
Amoghavarsha I.
Q12. Which dance form is associated with the Chola bronzes?
Nataraja.
Q13. Founder of the Chola Empire?
Vijayalaya.
Q14. Who built the Brihadeeswara Temple?
Rajaraja I.
Q15. Which Chola ruler conquered Sri Lanka?
Rajendra Chola I.
Q16. The capital of Chola Empire under Rajaraja I?
Thanjavur.
Q17. Rajendra Chola I founded which new capital?
Gangaikonda Cholapuram.
Q18. Chola naval expeditions reached which region?
Southeast Asia (Srivijaya).
Q19. Chola land revenue system was known as?
Vetti (forced labour), Kudimai (tenant labour).
Q20. The Uttaramerur inscription is related to?
Chola village administration.
Q21. Main religion supported by Cholas?
Shaivism.
Q22. What were Chola provinces called?
Mandalam.
Q23. Rashtrakutas patronised which religion heavily?
Jainism.
Q24. Who defeated the Pratiharas in the Tripartite Struggle?
Rashtrakutas.
Q25. The Pratiharas were famous for defending India from which invasion?
Arab invasions.
Q26. Founder of the Chalukyas of Kalyani?
Tailapa II.
Q27. The Badami Chalukyas were earlier defeated by which dynasty?
Rashtrakutas.
Q28. Kadamba dynasty ruled which region?
Modern Karnataka.
Q29. Important port city under the Cholas?
Nagapattinam.
Q30. Who issued gold coins called Gadyanas?
Rashtrakutas.
Q31. Who defeated Dharmapala in the Tripartite Struggle?
Nagabhata II (Pratihara).
Q32. Rajaraja I’s most powerful navy was called?
Kappal Padai.
Q33. The Palas were followers of which religion?
Buddhism (Mahayana).
Q34. Which dynasty built the famous Mahaparinirvana Temple at Kushinagar?
Palas.
Q35. Rashtrakutas built the Jain Narayana Temple at?
Pattadakal.
Q36. The Cholas introduced which irrigation innovation?
Huge water tanks & reservoir systems.
Q37. Most famous Chola inscription for military history?
Thiruvalangadu Plates.
Q38. Rajendra Chola I’s title?
Gangaikonda (Conqueror of the Ganga).
Q39. Pratihara ruler who took the title “Adi Varaha”?
Mihir Bhoja.
Q40. The Palas were famous for which type of art?
Bengal School of Art (Pala Art: Buddhist manuscripts).
Q41. The Rashtrakutas’ greatest cultural contribution?
Rock-cut architecture at Ellora.
Q42. Which dynasty declined due to feudatory rebellion?
Rashtrakutas.
Q43. Chola temples were mainly built in which architectural style?
Dravidian style.
Q44. Pratihara empire declined due to rise of?
Chandelas & Paramaras.
Q45. Chola kings maintained a well-organized?
Standing army and navy.
Q46. Major metal used in Chola bronze image-making?
Five-metal alloy (Panchaloha).
Q47. Famous university patronised by the Palas?
Odantapuri University.
Q48. Rashtrakuta king who visited the Kannauj court?
Indra III.
Q49. Cholas defeated which Southeast Asian kingdom?
Srivijaya.
Q50. Which dynasty dominated Eastern India in this period?
Palas.
2. Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526 CE) – GK
Q1. Who was the founder of the Delhi Sultanate?
Qutbuddin Aibak.
Q2. Qutbuddin Aibak belonged to which dynasty?
Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty.
Q3. Who built the Qutub Minar?
Qutbuddin Aibak (started), Iltutmish (completed).
Q4. The Slave Dynasty was founded in which year?
1206 CE.
Q5. Who completed the construction of Qutub Minar?
Iltutmish.
Q6. Who introduced the Iqta system?
Iltutmish.
Q7. Which Sultan introduced the Silver Tanka and Copper Jital?
Iltutmish.
Q8. Who was the first woman ruler of Medieval India?
Raziyya Sultan.
Q9. Who ended Razia Sultan’s reign?
Turkish nobles (Chahalgani).
Q10. Who founded the Khalji Dynasty?
Jalaluddin Khalji.
Q11. Who introduced the Market Control System?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q12. Alauddin Khalji established which department for price control?
Diwan-i-Riyasat.
Q13. Who stopped the Mongol invasions effectively?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q14. Who led the Mongol invasions during Alauddin Khalji’s rule?
Chagatai Mongols.
Q15. Who conquered Gujarat and Ranthambore?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q16. Who conquered the Deccan (South India) for the first time?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q17. Malik Kafur was the general of which Sultan?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q18. Who founded the Tughlaq Dynasty?
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq.
Q19. Who shifted the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad?
Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Q20. Who introduced token currency of copper and brass?
Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Q21. Why did token currency fail?
Widespread forgery.
Q22. Who started the “Doab” taxation experiment?
Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Q23. Who issued the Farman to help farmers during famine?
Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Q24. Who was known as the “Wisest Fool”?
Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Q25. Who constructed the city of Firozabad?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q26. Who abolished many taxes and softened punishments?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q27. Who built the Feroz Shah Kotla?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q28. Who was the first Sultan to establish employment bureaus?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q29. Which Sultan established hospitals (Dar-ul-Shifa)?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q30. Who built the canal system for irrigation?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q31. Timur invaded India during whose reign?
Nasiruddin Mahmud Tughlaq (1398 CE).
Q32. Who founded the Sayyid Dynasty?
Khizr Khan.
Q33. The Sayyid dynasty was a successor of which empire?
Timur’s rule in India.
Q34. Who founded the Lodi Dynasty?
Bahlul Lodi.
Q35. Who was the greatest Lodi ruler?
Sikandar Lodi.
Q36. Who founded the city of Agra?
Sikandar Lodi.
Q37. Who was the last Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate?
Ibrahim Lodi.
Q38. Ibrahim Lodi was defeated in which battle?
First Battle of Panipat (1526).
Q39. Who defeated Ibrahim Lodi?
Babur.
Q40. Who introduced the Persian language in administration?
Sikandar Lodi.
Q41. Who was known for strict agricultural reforms and revenue measurement?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q42. What was the official land revenue measurement unit under Sikandar Lodi?
Gaz.
Q43. Who patronized the Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q44. Which Sultan was famous for charity and generosity?
Qutbuddin Aibak (Lakh Baksh).
Q45. Who built the Alai Darwaza?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q46. Which Sultan tried to introduce “agricultural loans” (taccavi)?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q47. Who ended the practice of corvée (forced labour)?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q48. Whose reign saw the maximum Mongol invasions?
Alauddin Khalji.
Q49. Who rebuilt the Qutb Minar after lightning damage?
Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Q50. Which dynasty ruled for the longest duration among the five Delhi Sultanate dynasties?
Tughlaq Dynasty.
3. Mughal Empire-GK
Q1. Who founded the Mughal Empire in India?
Babur.
Q2. Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in which battle?
First Battle of Panipat (1526).
Q3. The Battle of Khanwa (1527) was fought between?
Babur and Rana Sanga.
Q4. Babur’s autobiography is called?
Tuzuk-i-Baburi (Baburnama).
Q5. Who was Babur’s successor?
Humayun.
Q6. Who defeated Humayun at the Battle of Chausa and Kannauj?
Sher Shah Suri.
Q7. Humayun recaptured Delhi with help from?
Persian ruler Shah Tahmasp.
Q8. Akbar ascended the throne at the age of?
13 years.
Q9. Who served as Akbar’s guardian during the early years?
Bairam Khan.
Q10. Akbar introduced which tax system?
Todarmal Bandobast (Zabt System).
Q11. Which religious policy is associated with Akbar?
Sulh-i-Kul (universal peace).
Q12. Akbar’s new religion was called?
Din-i-Ilahi.
Q13. Who abolished the Jizya tax first?
Akbar.
Q14. Akbar’s court historian who wrote Akbarnama?
Abul Fazl.
Q15. Which book describes Akbar’s administration?
Ain-i-Akbari.
Q16. Akbar built which famous city?
Fatehpur Sikri.
Q17. Who is known as the “Akbar of Kashmir”?
Zain-ul-Abidin.
Q18. Which Mughal emperor is known as “Zinda Pir”?
Aurangzeb.
Q19. The Mughal Golden Age of Culture occurred during whose reign?
Shah Jahan.
Q20. Who built the Taj Mahal?
Shah Jahan.
Q21. Taj Mahal is built using which stone?
White marble.
Q22. Red Fort (Delhi) was built by?
Shah Jahan.
Q23. Peacock Throne was created under?
Shah Jahan.
Q24. The longest-ruling Mughal emperor?
Aurangzeb (49 years).
Q25. Aurangzeb reimposed which tax?
Jizya.
Q26. Who built the Moti Masjid in the Red Fort?
Aurangzeb.
Q27. Mughal annexation of Bijapur and Golconda happened under?
Aurangzeb.
Q28. Who wrote Padshahnama?
Abdul Hamid Lahori.
Q29. Who introduced the Mansabdari system?
Akbar.
Q30. Which Mughal emperor transferred the capital from Agra to Delhi?
Shah Jahan.
Q31. The Mughal emperor imprisoned by his son?
Shah Jahan (by Aurangzeb).
Q32. The last powerful Mughal emperor?
Aurangzeb.
Q33. The Mughal decline started after which ruler’s death?
Aurangzeb (1707).
Q34. The first weak Mughal ruler after Aurangzeb?
Bahadur Shah I.
Q35. Nadir Shah invaded India in which year?
1739
Q36. Who took the Peacock Throne to Persia?
Nadir Shah.
Q37. Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas in which battle?
Third Battle of Panipat (1761).
Q38. The Battle of Buxar (1764) involved which Mughal emperor?
Shah Alam II.
Q39. The Treaty of Allahabad (1765) granted Diwani rights to the British from which emperor?
Shah Alam II.
Q40. Which Mughal emperor gave trading rights to the British (1600)?
Jahangir.
Q41. Noor Jahan was the wife of which emperor?
Jahangir.
Q42. Badshah Nama coins were introduced by?
Shah Jahan.
Q43. The Mughal garden tradition was introduced by?
Babur.
Q44. Jahangir wrote which autobiography?
Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri.
Q45. Who executed Guru Arjan Dev?
Jahangir.
Q46. Who executed Guru Tegh Bahadur?
Aurangzeb.
Q47. The Mughal instrument for revenue measurement?
Zabt.
Q48. Ain-i-Akbari describes which system?
Mansabdari and revenue administration.
Q49. The last Mughal emperor of India?
Bahadur Shah II (Zafar).
Q50. Bahadur Shah II was deported to?
Rangoon (Myanmar).
4. Regional Kingdoms of India GK
(Marathas, Rajputs, Sikhs, Mysore, Hyderabad, Bengal, Awadh, Travancore, etc.)
Q1. The decline of the Mughal Empire began after whose death?
Aurangzeb (1707).
Q2. Who founded the Maratha Empire?
Shivaji Maharaj.
Q3. Shivaji was crowned Chhatrapati in which year?
1674
Q4. Shivaji belonged to which clan?
Bhosale clan.
Q5. Who was Shivaji’s chief guru and spiritual guide?
Samarth Ramdas.
Q6. The administrative council of eight ministers under Shivaji was called?
Ashta Pradhan.
Q7. Who was the Peshwa during the rise of the Maratha Empire?
Balaji Vishwanath.
Q8. The founder of the Peshwa Dynasty?
Balaji Vishwanath.
Q9. The Maratha capital was shifted to Pune by?
Baji Rao I.
Q10. Who defeated the Mughals at the Battle of Bhopal (1738)?
Baji Rao I.
Q11. The Third Battle of Panipat (1761) was fought between?
Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali.
Q12. Who was the Maratha commander at Panipat?
Sadashivrao Bhau.
Q13. The Sikh Empire was founded by?
Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
Q14. Ranjit Singh belonged to which Sikh group?
Sukerchakia Misl.
Q15. The capital of the Sikh Empire was?
Lahore.
Q16. Ranjit Singh’s famous modernized army was known as?
Fauj-i-Khas.
Q17. Treaty of Amritsar (1809) was between Ranjit Singh and which power?
British East India Company.
Q18. The kingdom of Mysore was modernized by?
Hyder Ali.
Q19. The most famous ruler of Mysore?
Tipu Sultan.
Q20. Tipu Sultan died in which battle?
Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799).
Q21. Tipu Sultan was also known as?
Tiger of Mysore.
Q22. Tipu Sultan signed the Treaty of Srirangapatna with?
British in 1792.
Q23. Who founded the Hyderabad State?
Nizam-ul-Mulk (Asaf Jah I).
Q24. Hyderabad was founded in which year?
1724
Q25. The Nawab of Bengal defeated at Plassey (1757)?
Siraj-ud-Daulah.
Q26. Who betrayed Siraj-ud-Daulah at Plassey?
Mir Jafar.
Q27. The Battle of Buxar (1764) involved which regional powers?
Mir Qasim (Bengal), Shuja-ud-Daula (Awadh), Shah Alam II.
Q28. Tipu Sultan introduced which famous coin symbol?
Tiger emblem.
Q29. Who founded the kingdom of Awadh?
Saadat Ali Khan.
Q30. The capital of Awadh was?
Faizabad (later shifted to Lucknow).
Q31. Who built the Bara Imambara of Lucknow?
Asaf-ud-Daula.
Q32. Travancore reached its peak under which ruler?
Marthanda Varma.
Q33. Marthanda Varma defeated the Dutch at which battle?
Battle of Colachel (1741).
Q34. The first Asian king to defeat a European power?
Marthanda Varma (Travancore).
Q35. The Jat kingdom was centered at?
Bharatpur.
Q36. Who was the most powerful ruler of the Jats?
Suraj Mal.
Q37. The Rajput kingdom of Mewar was ruled by which dynasty?
Sisodia dynasty.
Q38. Who rebuilt Udaipur and strengthened Mewar?
Maharana Pratap’s successors (like Amar Singh I).
Q39. The Rohilla Afghans ruled mainly in?
Rohilkhand (UP).
Q40. Who was the famous Rohilla leader?
Hafiz Rahmat Khan.
Q41. The Bhonsle kingdom was centered in which city?
Nagpur.
Q42. The Gaekwad dynasty ruled which kingdom?
Baroda (Vadodara).
Q43. The Holkars ruled from?
Indore.
Q44. The Scindia dynasty ruled from?
Gwalior.
Q45. Who founded the state of Jaipur?
Sawai Jai Singh II.
Q46. Jai Singh II built which famous observatories?
Jantar Mantar.
Q47. The kingdom of Mysore’s capital was?
Srirangapatna.
Q48. Who introduced rockets and modern warfare in India?
Tipu Sultan.
Q49. The Sikh Empire declined after whose death?
Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1839).
Q50. The Anglo-Sikh Wars resulted in the annexation of Punjab in which year?
1849
5. Advent of Europeans & British Expansion
✅ PORTUGUESE (1–15)
1. Who was the first European to reach India by sea?
Vasco da Gama
2. Vasco da Gama arrived at which place?
Calicut
3. Who welcomed Vasco da Gama in India?
Zamorin of Calicut
4. Who was the first Portuguese Viceroy?
Francisco de Almeida
5. Almeida is known for which policy?
Blue Water Policy
6. Who conquered Goa (1510) for the Portuguese?
Albuquerque
7. Goa became the Portuguese capital in:
1530
8. Portuguese introduced which crops to India?
Tobacco, Potato, Maize
9. Who constructed the fort at Diu?
Portuguese
10. Which Portuguese traveler wrote “The Indica”?
Duarte Barbosa
11. Portugese missionary associated with Mughal court?
Father Monserrate
12. Portuguese lost Hormuz to Persians in:
1622
13. Salsette & Bassein were captured by:
Portuguese
14. The Portuguese monopoly declined after defeat by:
Dutch
15. “Estado da Índia” refers to:
Portuguese colonial empire in India
✅ DUTCH (16–25)
16. Dutch East India Company was known as:
VOC
17. Dutch established first factory in India at:
Masulipatnam
18. Battle that ended Dutch ambitions in India:
Battle of Chinsurah (1759)
19. Dutch were defeated by which Indian power?
English + Mir Jafar
20. Dutch traded mainly in:
Spices (Pepper, Cinnamon)
21. Pulicat was the capital of:
Dutch East India Company in India
22. Dutch lost Negapatnam to:
English (1781)
23. Dutch established their main base in:
Java (Indonesia)
24. Mavellikara Treaty was signed with:
Travancore
25. Dutch introduced which flower trade to India?
Tulip roots (initially)
✅ ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY (26–55)
26. East India Company was founded in:
1600
27. The first English factory in India was at:
Surat
28. Who gave permission to open Surat factory?
Mughal Emperor Jahangir
29. Who sent Sir Thomas Roe to India?
King James I
30. Sir Thomas Roe met which ruler?
Jahangir
31. English got Madras from:
Nayak of Chandragiri
32. Who built Fort St. George?
English
33. Bombay came to English from:
Portuguese (as dowry to Charles II)
34. Headquarters shifted from Surat to Bombay in:
1687
35. English East India Company got Diwani rights in:
1765
36. Who was the first Governor-General of Bengal?
Warren Hastings
37. Subsidiary Alliance introduced by:
Lord Wellesley
38. Doctrine of Lapse introduced by:
Lord Dalhousie
39. Who created the post of District Collector?
Warren Hastings
40. Yangon (Rangoon) was annexed after which war?
Second Anglo-Burmese War
41. Who founded the Asiatic Society?
Sir William Jones
42. Who introduced railways to India?
Lord Dalhousie (1853)
43. Who introduced telegraph lines in India?
Dalhousie
44. Penny Post system introduced by:
Dalhousie
45. First census of British India was done by:
Lord Mayo (1872)
46. Vernacular Press Act passed by:
Lord Lytton
47. Ilbert Bill controversy during the rule of:
Lord Ripon
48. Widow Remarriage Act (1856) was passed under:
Lord Dalhousie
49. Universities at Bombay, Calcutta, Madras established in:
1857
50. Indian Civil Service was reformed under:
Lord Cornwallis
51. Permanent Settlement introduced by:
Cornwallis
52. Mahalwari Settlement introduced by:
Lord William Bentinck
53. Ryotwari Settlement introduced by:
Thomas Munro
54. Bengal famine of 1770 occurred under:
Company rule
55. Battle that gave British political control in Bengal:
Battle of Plassey (1757)
✅ FRENCH (56–70)
56. French East India Company established in:
1664
57. French headquarters in India was at:
Pondicherry
58. First French factory in India was at:
Surat
59. The architect of French power in India:
Dupleix
60. French lost the Second Carnatic War in:
1754
61. French power declined after:
Third Carnatic War
62. Treaty that ended French ambitions:
Treaty of Paris (1763)
63. Famous French general who fought in India:
Bussy
64. Chandannagar was controlled by:
French
65. Pondicherry finally returned to the French in:
1816
66. Which ruler supported French against British?
Chanda Sahib
67. The French built Fort Louis at:
Senegal
68. Battle of Wandiwash fought between:
British vs French
69. Last French governor of Pondicherry:
Baron
70. French influence remained limited to:
Pondicherry, Mahe, Yanam, Karaikal
✅ BRITISH EXPANSION IN INDIA (71–100)
71. Who introduced the “Ring Fence Policy”?
Warren Hastings
72. Who introduced postal reforms?
Dalhousie
73. Who introduced wood-cutting tax on forests?
Dalhousie (Indian Forest Act)
74. Treaty of Allahabad (1765) signed between:
Shah Alam II & Robert Clive
75. Permanent revenue system created:
Hereditary landlords (Zamindars)
76. Who suppressed Thuggee?
William Bentinck
77. Father of Modern Police in India:
Lord Cornwallis
78. The first British coins minted in India under:
East India Company
79. First Anglo-Mysore War ended with:
Treaty of Madras
80. Tipu Sultan died in which war?
Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
81. Treaty of Seringapatam signed after:
Third Anglo-Mysore War
82. Anglo-Maratha Wars were fought for:
Control of Deccan
83. Who captured Delhi in 1803?
Lord Lake
84. Who introduced English education reforms (1835)?
Macaulay
85. Who banned Sati (1829)?
Lord Bentinck
86. Who introduced Western-style law courts?
Cornwallis
87. Which act ended East India Company’s rule?
Government of India Act, 1858
88. First Viceroy of India:
Lord Canning
89. Indian Penal Code prepared by:
Lord Macaulay (enacted 1860)
90. Police Act was passed in:
1861
91. Who introduced budget in India?
James Wilson (1860)
92. Indigo Revolt took place in:
1859–60
93. Who was the Viceroy during the Partition of Bengal (1905)?
Lord Curzon
94. Simla was made summer capital in:
1864
95. British captured Assam from:
Burmese (1826, Treaty of Yandabo)
96. Who introduced land revenue in Assam?
British after 1826
97. First railway in Eastern India connected:
Howrah–Hooghly
98. Madras Presidency included which regions?
TN, Kerala, Karnataka, AP
99. Bombay Presidency included:
Maharashtra, Gujarat, parts of Karnataka
100. Bengal Presidency included:
WB, Bihar, Odisha, Assam
6.Socio-Religious Reform Movements
(19th–20th Century Reformers: Brahmo, Arya, Prarthana, Aligarh, Sikh, Tribal, Women reforms, Christian missions, Social legislation)
✅ BRAHMO SAMAJ (1–20)
1. Who founded the Brahmo Samaj?
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
2. Brahmo Samaj was founded in which year?
1828
3. Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known as the:
Father of Indian Renaissance
4. Brahmo Samaj opposed which social evil strongly?
Sati system
5. Sati was abolished in:
1829
6. Who supported William Bentinck in banning Sati?
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
7. “Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin” was written by:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
8. Brahmo Samaj believed in:
Monotheism (One God)
9. Which Brahmo leader introduced “Brahmo Marriage Act”?
Keshab Chandra Sen
10. Brahmo Marriage Act was passed in:
1872
11. Who founded Adi Brahmo Samaj?
Debendranath Tagore
12. Who founded the Brahmo Samaj of India?
Keshab Chandra Sen
13. Brahmo Samaj was influenced by:
Upanishads & Western liberal ideas
14. Which movement demanded widow remarriage?
Brahmo Samaj
15. Who started Tattvabodhini Sabha?
Debendranath Tagore
16. Brahmo Samaj opposed:
Idol worship and caste
17. “The Precepts of Jesus” was published by:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
18. Prarthana Samaj was inspired by:
Brahmo Samaj
19. Which movement helped women’s education?
Brahmo Samaj
20. Who is known as “Prophet of New India”?
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
✅ ARYA SAMAJ (21–40)
21. Who founded Arya Samaj?
Swami Dayanand Saraswati
22. Arya Samaj was founded in which year?
1875
23. Motto of Arya Samaj:
“Go Back to the Vedas”
24. Dayanand Saraswati’s real name:
Mul Shankar
25. Dayanand’s famous book:
Satyarth Prakash
26. Arya Samaj started which reform movement?
Shuddhi Movement
27. Purpose of Shuddhi Movement:
Bring back converted Hindus
28. Who started the Cow Protection Movement?
Arya Samaj
29. Arya Samaj opposed:
Idol worship, child marriage
30. Who gave the slogan “India for Indians”?
Dayanand Saraswati
31. DAV Colleges were established by:
Lala Hansraj
32. Who was known as “Martin Luther of India”?
Dayanand Saraswati
33. Arya Samaj greatly inspired:
Swadeshi Movement
34. Arya Samaj supported:
Widow remarriage
35. Gurukul Kangri University was founded by:
Swami Shraddhanand
36. Dayanand was killed in:
1883
37. Which movement encouraged Hindi language?
Arya Samaj
38. Arya Samaj promoted:
Education through Vedas
39. Shuddhi Movement later intensified communal tension—true or false?
True
40. Arya Samaj’s HQ was initially in:
Bombay
✅ PRARTHANA SAMAJ (41–50)
41. Prarthana Samaj was founded by:
Atmaram Pandurang
42. It was strongly supported by:
M.G. Ranade
43. Prarthana Samaj was founded in:
1867
44. It focused on:
Social reforms
45. Which system did Prarthana Samaj oppose?
Caste system
46. It promoted:
Widow remarriage
47. Key leader of Prarthana Samaj:
R.G. Bhandarkar
48. Reform group active in Maharashtra:
Prarthana Samaj
49. Movement influenced by:
Brahmo Samaj
50. It believed in:
Monotheism
✅ ALIGARH MOVEMENT (51–65)
51. Who led the Aligarh Movement?
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
52. Aligarh Movement focused on:
Modern education for Muslims
53. Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College was founded in:
1875
54. MAO College later became:
Aligarh Muslim University
55. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan wrote:
Asar-us-Sanadid
56. He opposed:
Orthodox Muslim views
57. Sir Syed promoted:
Scientific education
58. He encouraged Muslims to join:
Government services
59. He formed:
Scientific Society of Aligarh
60. Sir Syed blamed the 1857 revolt on:
Mutual misunderstandings
61. He founded the journal:
Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq
62. He believed Hindus & Muslims are:
Two distinct communities (Two-nation theory roots)
63. Movement aimed to protect:
Political rights of Muslims
64. Aligarh Movement opposed:
Congress politics
65. It helped modernise:
Muslim community in North India
✅ SINGH SABHA & SIKH REFORMS (66–75)
66. Singh Sabha Movement began in:
1873
67. Primary aim:
Revive Sikh religion & identity
68. “Khalsa College” (Amritsar) built under:
Singh Sabha
69. Chief leader:
Gurmukh Singh
70. Singh Sabha opposed:
Christian & Arya Samaj conversions
71. Akali Movement started to:
Free Gurudwaras from British control
72. Akali reformers were called:
Gurdwara reformists
73. Akali Movement began in:
1920
74. It led to formation of:
SGPC (1925)
75. Sikh reforms strengthened:
Sikh community identity
✅ TRIBAL & PEASANT REFORM MOVEMENTS (76–85)
76. Santhal Rebellion occurred in:
1855–56
77. Santhal rebellion leader:
Sidhu & Kanhu
78. Munda Movement was led by:
Birsa Munda
79. Munda uprising occurred in:
1899–1900
80. Who founded “Ulgulan” movement?
Birsa Munda
81. Indigo Revolt happened in:
1859–60
82. Indigo Revolt leaders:
Digambar Biswas & Bishnu Biswas
83. Deccan Riots occurred in:
1875
84. Tebhaga Movement occurred in:
1946–47
85. Eka Movement was led by:
Madari Pasi
✅ WOMEN REFORMERS (86–95)
86. Widow Remarriage Act was passed in:
1856
87. Widow Remarriage Act leader:
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
88. Who opened first women’s school in India?
Savitribai Phule
89. Who founded Arya Mahila Samaj?
Pandita Ramabai
90. Who wrote “High-Caste Hindu Woman”?
Pandita Ramabai
91. Who led the movement against child marriage?
Behramji Malabari
92. Age of Consent Act was passed in:
1891
93. Who worked for women upliftment among Muslims?
Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain
94. Who founded Sakhawat Memorial Girls’ School?
Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain
95. Who fought against Purdah system?
Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain
✅ CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES & SOCIAL REFORM (96–100)
96. Serampore Mission was founded by:
William Carey
97. Missionaries introduced:
Printing press & modern schooling
98. First Indian newspaper was started by:
Missionaries (Hicky’s Gazette indirectly influenced)
99. Missionaries worked mainly in:
Education & health
100. Missions translated:
Bible into Indian languages